.... the term "galleon" has taken multiple meanings
and is not a precise class of sailing ship.
Nonetheless, it is arguable
to define a galleon has having a "flushed deck without castles."
The ships officially referred
to as galleons by some British museums certainly have both fore and after
castles, although
somewhat reduced in height
compared to carracks. Indeed, castles remained as part of the architecture
for a couple of
centuries - up to the time of
the clipper ships.
It seems that the other main
difference is that the forecastle of a carrack protruded beyond the bow
as an overhang, while that of the
galleon was set further
aft, allowing room for a long, triangular beak at the stem.
For a color picture that
demonstrates this point, you might want to visit the site at:
http://www.thabebanss.qld.edu.au/studentprojects/sailage/sailgallery.htm